What are custom expansion joints?

 

bellows

 

What are custom expansion joints?

Metallic expansion joints are elastic vessels, which are compressible under pressure or extensible under a vacuum. The release of the vacuum or pressure causes the metallic bellow to return to its original shape if the bellow’s material doesn’t get stressed beyond the yield strength. There are four basic metallic expansion joints, which are categorized based on the manufacturing technology used.

 

1. Machined Bellows

Machined bellows are ground or turned from forged rings, tubing, and bar stock of materials used to make other kinds of metal bellows. Low modulus, high-strength titanium alloys and heat-treatable, high endurance, and high-strength steel are often used to make machined bellows. Machined bellows are custom bellows made to have a high spring rate to hold pressure as high as 82.73 MPa.

Machined Bellows: What are bellows used for?
These bellows find use in industrial applications that need a high spring rate and a high-pressure thrust.

 

2. Convoluted or Formed Bellows

Formed metal bellows are manufactured from reworked tubes made made by deep drawing. Different processes are utilized during production, which can include hydro-forming, punch forming, cold forming, and roll forming. These types of bellows can be built from different metallic materials at an affordable cost, if mass-produced. Formed bellows have high-pressure stability and capabilities

Convoluted or Formed Bellows: What are bellows used for?
Formed bellows find widespread use in petrochemical refineries, boiler plants, cement plants, thermal plants, and steel plants.

 

3. Diaphragm or Welded Bellows

Welded bellows have welded convolutions, which get built from shaped diaphragms that get welded at the outer and inner diameters of the bellow’s cylindrical shape. The width of such bellows is set based on the stamped diaphragm’s diameter. The available stamping equipment determines the sizes of such bellows, and they often range from 12 to 300 mm.

Common types of diaphragm bellows include concave, convex, cantilever, and nesting welded bellows. These bellows get made from titanium, stainless steel, and other material of high strength.

Diaphragm or Welded Bellows: What are bellows used for?
Welded or diaphragm bellows are used in accumulators, pressure sensing, rotary shaft seals, mechanical seals, and valve stem seals.

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